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AI Legal Sanction Case Database
The AI Legal Sanction Case Database is the authoritative, continuously-updated, free index of publicly reported cases where a US or foreign court sanctioned, warned, or issued an order to show cause over AI-hallucinated citations in a legal filing. According to Citation Safe’s public sanctions database, courts have addressed AI-citation problems in 1000 reported cases tracked here as of today, spanning 2023–2026. New cases are ingested daily.
- Cases tracked
- 2,109
- Courts covered
- 471
- Cases with a reported penalty
- 374
- USD-denominated penalties
- $1,400,706
- across 207 USD cases — other currencies not converted
This is the structured dataset: every row here is a live, queryable record — sortable and filterable by jurisdiction, AI tool, judge, and year, with results pulled fresh on every request. Download the full dataset as CSV. For curated write-ups of the highest-profile entries — case background, why each sanction happened, what to take from it — see the AI Hallucination Sanctions Tracker, our editorial companion to this database.
114 cases match these filters · page 1 of 3
| Case | Court | Jurisdiction | Judge | Decided | AI tool | Outcome | Penalty | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finch v The Heat Group | Family Court | Australia | — | 2024-02-27 | Implied | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Lakaev v McConkey | Supreme Court of Tasmania | Australia | — | 2024-07-12 | Implied | Appeal dismissed for want of prosecution | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| In re Dayal | — | Australia | — | 2024-08-19 | LEAP | Referral to the Victorian Legal Services Board and Commissioner for potential disciplinary review; no punitive order issued by the court itself; apology accepted. | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Kaur v RMIT | SC Victoria (CA) | Australia | — | 2024-11-11 | Implied | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Candice Dias v Angle Auto Finance | Fair Work Commission | Australia | — | 2025-01-20 | Implied | — | None reported | Source (austlii.edu.au) |
| Body by Michael Pty Ltd and Industry Innovation and Science Australia | Administrative Review Tribunal | Australia | — | 2025-01-24 | ChatGPT | Fake references withdrawn before the hearing | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Hanna v Flinders University | South Australia | Australia | — | 2025-01-29 | Implied | — | None reported | Source (anzlaw.thomsonreuters.com) |
| Valu v. Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs | Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) | Australia | — | 2025-01-31 | ChatGPT | Referral to Legal Services Commissioner | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| QWYN and Commissioner of Taxation | Administrative Review Tribunal of Australia | Australia | — | 2025-02-05 | Copilot | The Tribunal affirmed the decision under review, rejecting the applicant's submissions based on the AI-generated content. | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Luck v Commonwealth of Australia | Federal Court | Australia | — | 2025-02-11 | — | The court dismissed the applicant's interlocutory application for disqualification and referral to a Full Court. | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Goodchild v State of Queensland | Queensland IRC | Australia | — | 2025-02-13 | "Internet searches" | Relevant submissions ignored | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| LYJ v. Occupational Therapy Board of Australia | Queensland | Australia | — | 2025-03-26 | ChatGPT | No sanction; Fabrication noted; Warning issued regarding AI use | None reported | Source (naturalandartificiallaw.com) |
| Bangholme Investments Pty Ltd v Greater Dandenong CC | Victorian CAT | Australia | — | 2025-04-03 | Unidentified | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Rowe v National Australia Bank Ltd | South Australia | Australia | — | 2025-04-17 | Implied | — | None reported | Source (anzlaw.thomsonreuters.com) |
| Department of Justice v Wise | Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal | Australia | — | 2025-05-13 | Implied | Warning | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Nikolic & Anor v Nationwide News Pty Ltd & Anor | SC Victoria | Australia | — | 2025-05-23 | Implied | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Ivins v KMA Consulting Engineers & Ors | Queensland IRC | Australia | — | 2025-06-02 | Unidentified | Relevant Submissions ignored | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Bottrill v Graham & Anor (No 2) | District Court of New South Wales | Australia | — | 2025-06-20 | Unidentified | The second defendant's Notice of Motion for summary dismissal of the plaintiff’s claim was dismissed, with costs reserved to the trial judge. | None reported | Source (caselaw.nsw.gov.au) |
| Page v. Long | Melbourne County Court | Australia | — | 2025-06-27 | Implied | Litigant lost on merits | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Murray on behalf of the Wamba Wemba Native Title Claim Group v. State of Victoria | Federal Court | Australia | — | 2025-07-02 | Google Scholar (allegedly) | Order of costs to other party; no professional referral | 1 AUD | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Murray v. State of Victoria | Federal Court | Australia | — | 2025-07-02 | Google Scholar (allegedly) | Order of costs to other party; no professional referral | 1 AUD | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Rafi Najib v MSS Security Pty Limited | Fair Work Commission | Australia | — | 2025-07-02 | Unidentified | Application dismissed | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Deysel v Electra Lift Co. | Fair Work Commission | Australia | — | 2025-08-08 | ChatGPT | Application dismissed | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| May v Costaras | NSW CA | Australia | — | 2025-08-08 | Unidentified | Appeal dismissed. No specific sanction for AI use, but highlighted need for judicial vigilance. | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Director of Public Prosecutions v GR | Supreme Court of Victoria | Australia | — | 2025-08-14 | Unidentified | N/A | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| JNE24 v Minister for Immigration and Citizenship | Federal Circuit and Family Court | Australia | — | 2025-08-15 | Claude AI, Microsoft Copilot | Referral to the Bar; Personal costs order against lawyer (who reimbursed his client) | 8371 AUD | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Wang v Moutidis | County Court of Victoria | Australia | — | 2025-08-18 | Gen AI | Arguments disregarded | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| JML Rose Pty Ltd v Jorgensen (No 3) | Federal Court of Australia | Australia | — | 2025-08-19 | Unidentified | N/A | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Butler and National Disability Insurance Agency | Administrative Review Tribunal | Australia | — | 2025-08-28 | Unidentified | Tribunal criticised the reliability of AI-assisted expert reports and gave them reduced weight | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Gribble v Essential Energy | NSW D.C. | Australia | — | 2025-08-29 | Unidentified | Plaintiff ordered to exclude all Gen AI material | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Stewart v Good Shepherd | Victoria CA | Australia | — | 2025-08-29 | Implied | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Mark Khoury v Nira Kooij | Supreme Court of Queensland | Australia | — | 2025-09-03 | implied | Application dismissed | 1 | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Helmold & Mariya (No 2) | Family Court | Australia | — | 2025-09-12 | Unidentified | Warning | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Howe v. NSW Department of Education | NSW Industrial Relations Commission | Australia | — | 2025-09-17 | Implied | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Hugo v Affinity Education Group Pty Ltd | Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia | Australia | — | 2025-09-18 | Implied | Warning | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Vivek Singha v. Metal Manufactures | Fair Work Commission | Australia | — | 2025-10-08 | Unidentified | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Sky Gardens | Queensland BCCMC | Australia | — | 2025-10-29 | Implied | Adverse costs order for "misconceived and without substance" application | 2000 AUD | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Huang v. Champion Homes Sales | NSW | Australia | — | 2025-10-30 | Unidentified | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Clarke v State of Queensland (Department of Education) | Queensland IRC | Australia | — | 2025-11-05 | ChatGPT | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Wills and Aiadaui v Wilson | Victorian CAT | Australia | — | 2025-11-14 | Unidentified | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Kim v. Insurance Australia | ACT CAT | Australia | — | 2025-11-18 | Bard | Decision was removed from ACAT website | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Re Walker | SC Victoria | Australia | — | 2025-11-24 | CourtAid; ChatGPT | Reprimand | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Mertz & Mertz (No 3) | Family Court | Australia | — | 2025-11-28 | Unidentified | Costs Order; Bar Referrals | 10000 AUD | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| A'Vard v Mornington Peninsula SC | Victorian CAT | Australia | — | 2025-12-02 | Unidentified | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Carrington v TAFE Queensland | Queensland IRC | Australia | — | 2025-12-05 | Implied | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Chu v Darmali | FCA | Australia | — | 2025-12-08 | Unidentified | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Farooq v Commissioner of Police, NSW Police Force | Supreme Court (NSW) | Australia | — | 2025-12-09 | Unidentified | Adverse Costs Order | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Pakuza v Workers' Compensation Regulator | Queensland IRC | Australia | — | 2025-12-16 | Implied | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Leytcorp v Mimbim Enterprises | Trade Marks Office | Australia | — | 2025-12-22 | Implied | — | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
| Pasuengos v Minister for Immigration and Citizenship | Federal Circuit and Family Court | Australia | — | 2025-12-22 | Unidentified | Order to Show Cause | None reported | Case summary (Charlotin AI Hallucination Cases DB) |
This database aggregates publicly reported court sanctions and orders over AI-hallucinated citations. It is informational only, not legal advice, and not a complete record of every such case nationwide — see our free citation checker to verify your own filings before this happens to you.