What was hallucinated

Fabricated: Case Law | Counsel cited a case by number '195/18' which the court's search could not locate; the citation appears not to exist. || Fabricated: Case Law | Counsel cited 'ע"פ 7383/08' as supporting authority; court's research found no matching appellate decision under that citation and that the referenced file number corresponds to a different case type (דנ"פ), indicating a misattributed or fabricated citation. || Fabricated: Case Law | Counsel referred to 'מ"י נ' נקש' as precedent, but the court could not find any decision by that name or citation. || Fabricated: Case Law | Counsel referenced 'מדינת ישראל נ' פלוני' without a citation; the court treated the uncited, vague reference as an unhelpful and possibly fabricated authority provided by AI.

Sanction teardown · CD Lod, Israel · 2026-06-11

Suki v. State of Israel

What happened

In CD Lod, Israel, a filing relied on an unnamed/unconfirmed AI tool to help draft legal argument. The court identified the following problems with the citations in that filing:

Fabricated (Case Law)

Counsel cited a case by number '195/18' which the court's search could not locate; the citation appears not to exist.
Fabricated (Case Law)

Counsel cited 'ע"פ 7383/08' as supporting authority; court's research found no matching appellate decision under that citation and that the referenced file number corresponds to a different case type (דנ"פ), indicating a misattributed or fabricated citation.
Fabricated (Case Law)

Counsel referred to 'מ"י נ' נקש' as precedent, but the court could not find any decision by that name or citation.
Fabricated (Case Law)

Counsel referenced 'מדינת ישראל נ' פלוני' without a citation; the court treated the uncited, vague reference as an unhelpful and possibly fabricated authority provided by AI.

Which AI tool

an unnamed/unconfirmed AI tool. Note: Charlotin's public database records tool attribution only where a court order, brief, or reporting on the matter states it explicitly; "unidentified" or "implied" means the record indicates AI use but does not name a specific product — we do not guess.

Outcome

Warning

How Citation Safe would have caught this

Citation Safe runs three deterministic layers before a brief is filed: (1) does the citation exist against CourtListener's database of published opinions, (2) if quoted, does that exact language appear in the source, (3) does the cited case actually support the proposition it is cited for. Fabricated case citations fail Layer 1. Fabricated or misattributed quotations fail Layer 2 even when the underlying case is real. Misrepresented holdings — a real case cited for a proposition it does not support — are the target of Layer 3. None of these checks involve asking another language model whether the citation looks right; they are lookups and text-matches against the actual source, which is why a hallucinated citation has to survive a direct lookup against the authoritative source — not another model's opinion — to earn a VERIFIED stamp; our measured false-verify rate is published live at /quality.

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Source: https://www.damiencharlotin.com/documents/2394/suki.pdf, via Damien Charlotin's public AI Hallucination Cases Database (CC0).

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