What was hallucinated

Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited Mazza v. Washoe Cnty.; the Court identified this as a non-existent case cited by the plaintiff. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff cited Shirley v. Precision Castparts Corp.; the Court identified this citation as non-existent. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Plaintiff cited Bounds v. Smith to support a proposition; the Court found the case did not support the proposition offered. || Fabricated: Legal Norm | Plaintiff relied on regulatory and plan citations that the Court noted do not exist as cited (plaintiff later characterized them as typographical errors). || Misrepresented: Case Law | Plaintiff cited Ecological Rights Foundation v. Pacific Lumber Co.; the Court found the case did not support the proposition for which it was offered.

Sanction teardown · W.D. Washington, USA · 2026-03-04

Ryan Adam Dixon v. MultiCare Health System (1)

What happened

In W.D. Washington, USA, a filing relied on an unnamed/unconfirmed AI tool to help draft legal argument. The court identified the following problems with the citations in that filing:

Fabricated (Case Law)

Plaintiff cited Mazza v. Washoe Cnty.; the Court identified this as a non-existent case cited by the plaintiff.
Fabricated (Case Law)

Plaintiff cited Shirley v. Precision Castparts Corp.; the Court identified this citation as non-existent.
Misrepresented (Case Law)

Plaintiff cited Bounds v. Smith to support a proposition; the Court found the case did not support the proposition offered.
Fabricated (Legal Norm)

Plaintiff relied on regulatory and plan citations that the Court noted do not exist as cited (plaintiff later characterized them as typographical errors).
Misrepresented (Case Law)

Plaintiff cited Ecological Rights Foundation v. Pacific Lumber Co.; the Court found the case did not support the proposition for which it was offered.

Which AI tool

an unnamed/unconfirmed AI tool. Note: Charlotin's public database records tool attribution only where a court order, brief, or reporting on the matter states it explicitly; "unidentified" or "implied" means the record indicates AI use but does not name a specific product — we do not guess.

Outcome

Warning

How Citation Safe would have caught this

Citation Safe runs three deterministic layers before a brief is filed: (1) does the citation exist against CourtListener's database of published opinions, (2) if quoted, does that exact language appear in the source, (3) does the cited case actually support the proposition it is cited for. Fabricated case citations fail Layer 1. Fabricated or misattributed quotations fail Layer 2 even when the underlying case is real. Misrepresented holdings — a real case cited for a proposition it does not support — are the target of Layer 3. None of these checks involve asking another language model whether the citation looks right; they are lookups and text-matches against the actual source, which is why a hallucinated citation has to survive a direct lookup against the authoritative source — not another model's opinion — to earn a VERIFIED stamp; our measured false-verify rate is published live at /quality.

Check a brief before you file it → · See our live false-verify rate

Source: https://www.damiencharlotin.com/documents/1614/RYAN_ADAM_DIXON_v_MULTICARE_HEALTH_SYSTEM_USA_4_March_2026.pdf, via Damien Charlotin's public AI Hallucination Cases Database (CC0).

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