What was hallucinated

Misrepresented: Case Law | Court found plaintiff misquoted Jensen v. Phillips Screw Co. and CQ Int'l Co. v. Rochem Int'l, Inc.; errors noted as part of broader pattern of erroneous citations. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Court found plaintiff misquoted or relied on cases that exist but are inapposite to the issues presented. || Fabricated: Case Law | Court identified a cited case that does not exist and treated it as a fabricated citation. || Fabricated: Exhibits & Submissions | Court noted plaintiff supplied nonexistent caselaw in docket filings and later attempted to correct them (per Docket Nos. 2305 and 2306).

Sanction teardown · D. Massachusetts, USA · 2026-02-13

In re: Telexfree Securities Litigation

What happened

In D. Massachusetts, USA, a filing relied on an unnamed/unconfirmed AI tool to help draft legal argument. The court identified the following problems with the citations in that filing:

Misrepresented (Case Law)

Court found plaintiff misquoted Jensen v. Phillips Screw Co. and CQ Int'l Co. v. Rochem Int'l, Inc.; errors noted as part of broader pattern of erroneous citations.
Misrepresented (Case Law)

Court found plaintiff misquoted or relied on cases that exist but are inapposite to the issues presented.
Fabricated (Case Law)

Court identified a cited case that does not exist and treated it as a fabricated citation.
Fabricated (Exhibits & Submissions)

Court noted plaintiff supplied nonexistent caselaw in docket filings and later attempted to correct them (per Docket Nos. 2305 and 2306).

Which AI tool

an unnamed/unconfirmed AI tool. Note: Charlotin's public database records tool attribution only where a court order, brief, or reporting on the matter states it explicitly; "unidentified" or "implied" means the record indicates AI use but does not name a specific product — we do not guess.

Outcome

Order to Show Cause

How Citation Safe would have caught this

Citation Safe runs three deterministic layers before a brief is filed: (1) does the citation exist against CourtListener's database of published opinions, (2) if quoted, does that exact language appear in the source, (3) does the cited case actually support the proposition it is cited for. Fabricated case citations fail Layer 1. Fabricated or misattributed quotations fail Layer 2 even when the underlying case is real. Misrepresented holdings — a real case cited for a proposition it does not support — are the target of Layer 3. None of these checks involve asking another language model whether the citation looks right; they are lookups and text-matches against the actual source, which is why a hallucinated citation has to survive a direct lookup against the authoritative source — not another model's opinion — to earn a VERIFIED stamp; our measured false-verify rate is published live at /quality.

Check a brief before you file it → · See our live false-verify rate

Source: https://www.damiencharlotin.com/documents/1530/In_re_Telexfree_Securities_Litigation.pdf, via Damien Charlotin's public AI Hallucination Cases Database (CC0).

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